Which learning theory combines elements from both behaviorism and cognitive theory?

The correct answer is the combined theory, as it explicitly incorporates principles from both behaviorism and cognitive theory to create a more comprehensive understanding of learning processes. This theory recognizes that while behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and the effects of external stimuli on those behaviors, cognitive theory emphasizes internal mental processes such as thinking, memory, and problem-solving.

By integrating these two perspectives, the combined theory acknowledges that learning is influenced not only by the environment and reinforcement (as highlighted in behaviorism) but also by the active role of the learner in processing and organizing information (a key aspect of cognitive theory). This holistic approach allows for a deeper exploration of how individuals learn, considering both their actions and their internal cognitive frameworks.

The other choices represent distinct and separate theories: behaviorism focuses solely on observable behaviors; constructivism emphasizes knowledge construction through experiences and social interactions without directly merging with behaviorism; and experiential learning emphasizes learning through reflection on doing, which is also a separate concept.